腹壁可触及肿物的超声辨别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 胃尿管溃疡A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )胃尿管溃疡可知胃和膀胱之间，有时候地处胃尿管的下1/3 ，但也可可知仅地处胃下。这些溃疡可显出为完全无；也或较低；也。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 布11A，胃尿管溃疡，此溃疡已受细菌感染，核心含有微弱；也的液体。B，胃尿管溃疡，缓和的溃疡前壁产生反射伪影。

..Endometriosis卵巢子宫原发性Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).腰椎卵巢子宫原发性是卵巢手术后的长期合并症，无独有显出，但可于之前手术的瘢痕三处见一区域内肿物，并有周期适度的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 布12 ，剖宫产伤疤三处卵巢子宫原发性

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 腰椎血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可时有发生发病适度头痛后、喷嚏或中风发病后，其根本原因有时候是抗凝疗法或出血适度疾病。由于血肿约束于腹直肌鞘内，有时候不很大，其椭圆形根据所三处左边而定，在弓状支线以上，血肿常为卵圆形，角速度排列成上下方向，可于一侧见到（布13A）；在弓状支线所列，由于腹白支线缺如，可扩展横过中支线，因此血肿显出为分网状，其最大长度地处一组上。在婴孩腰椎血肿可可知胃上横向扩展（布13B、C）。术后弥散适度血管内血栓形成的医护人员可于腰椎手术瘢痕靠近见到大的血肿（布13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 布13A，一中年妇女剧烈头痛后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示腹横腹腔。B，婴孩腰椎血肿。C，一婴孩胃静脉附着三处上面的腰椎血肿。UV，胃静脉。D，一弥散适度血管内血栓形成的剖宫产术后医护人员疤痕三处腰椎血肿。

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